Inflammatory profiles in women with eating disorder: Linking inflammatory biomarkers to clinical phenotypes.

INTRODUCTION: Eating disorders (ED) represent a group of very complex and serious diagnoses characterized by emotional dysregulation and impulsivity. New approaches are necessary to achieve effective diagnosis and treatments. Shifting biomarker research away from the constraints of diagnostic categories may effectively contribute to a dimensional differentiation across disorders according to neurobiology (e.g., inflammatory biomarkers). Thus, the aim of our study was to identify inflammatory profiles in patients with ED. METHODS: A sample of 100 women with an ED (23.4 ± 8.55 years) and 59 healthy controls (HC) (20.22 ± 4.18 years) was used. K-means cluster analysis was followed to identify inflammatory clusters considering seven blood biomarkers (iNOS, TNFα, COX2, p38, ERK, TBARS and PPARγ). Moreover, a wide assessment of clinical features was conducted. RESULTS: Two distinct clusters were identified. Cluster 1 patients were characterized by higher inflammatory levels of TNF-α, COX2, p38, and ERK, and had more restrictive anorexia diagnosis than cluster 2. Cluster 2 participants showed higher inflammatory levels of iNOS and were older than cluster 1 and controls and had lower BMI than HC. In addition, they had higher levels of bulimic symptoms than those from the cluster 1 and HC, and higher impulsivity than HC. All ED patients (regardless of cluster) showed higher ED symptoms and more trauma than HC. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that inflammatory dysfunction may be linked with clinical endophenotypes in ED, one more restrictive (cluster 1) with an inflammation/oxidative endophenotype more cytokine and MAPK/ERK mediated, and the other more impulsive, with more bulimic symptoms (cluster 2) with NO free radical high output source iNOS. Trauma seems to be a vulnerability factor for both endophenotypes.

Estudio Transdiagnóstico de la Impulsividad y de la Conducta Autolítica en los Trastornos Impulsivos e Inestables / Transdiagnostic study of impulsivity and self-injurious behavior in unstable and impulsive disorders

Introducción. La elevada comorbilidad entre el trastorno límite de la personalidad (TLP) y los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) pone de manifiesto la necesidad de establecer modelos transdiagnósticos, donde la impulsividad podría tener un papel relevante en las manifestaciones dela conducta autolítica. Objetivos: 1) Comparar los niveles de impulsividad y conducta autolítica entre personas con TLP, personas con TCA y controles. 2) Predecir la presencia de conductas autolíticas a partir de la impulsividad y otras variables clínicas relevantes, como la vivencia de acontecimientos traumáticos y la sensibilidad al rechazo. Método. 108 mujeres (23 controles; 29 con diagnóstico de TCA restrictivo (TCAr); 21 con diagnóstico de TCA purgativo (TCAp); y 35 con diagnóstico de TLP) fueron evaluadas a través de la Escala de Impulsividad de Barratt, el Cuestionario para Experiencias Traumáticas y el Cuestionario de Sensibilidad al Rechazo. La información sobre conducta autolítica fue recogida a través de entrevista e historia clínica. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias en las puntuaciones de impulsividad y conducta autolítica entre los grupos, encontrándose mayor impulsividad en los grupos TLP y TCAp, y mayores índices de conducta autolítica en el grupo TLP seguido de ambos grupos de TCA. Por otro lado, la impulsividad predecía los intentos de suicidio, y junto con la sensibilidad al rechazo interpersonal predecía las autolesiones no suicidas (ANS).Conclusión. La impulsividad es una variable dimensional en el TLP y en los TCA, que a su vez juega un papel relevante en la predicción de las conductas autolíticas. (AU)

Introduction. High comorbidity between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and eating disorders (ED) shows the necessity of developing transdiagnostic models, where impulsivity could play a relevant role in the manifestations ofself-injurious behaviour. Objectives: 1) To compare the levelsof impulsivity and self-injurious behaviour among peoplewith BPD, people with ED and controls. 2) To predict the presence of self-injurious behaviour based on impulsivity andother relevant clinical variables, such as the experience oftraumatic events and sensitivity to rejection. Methods. 108 women (23 controls; 29 with a diagnosis of restrictive ACT (rED); 21 with a diagnosis of purgative ACT(pED); and 35 with a diagnosis of BPD) were assessed usingthe Barratt Impulsivity Scale, the Traumatic Experiences Questionnaire and the Sensitivity to Rejection Questionnaire. Information about self-injurious behaviour was collectedthrough interview and clinical history. Results. Differences in impulsivity and self-injurious behaviour scores were found between the groups, with higherimpulsivity in the BPD and pED groups, and higher rates ofself-injurious behaviour in the BPD group followed by both ED groups. On the other hand, impulsivity predicted suicideattempts, and together with sensitivity to interpersonal rejection predicted nonsuicidal self-harm (NSSH). Conclusion. Impulsivity is a dimensional variable in BPD and ED, which in turn plays a relevant role in the prediction of self-injurious behaviour. (AU)

Stress During Pregnancy and the Development of Diseases in the offspring: A Systematic-Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this systematic-review and meta-analysis was to assess whether high maternal stress during pregnancy is associated with the development of pediatric pathology. DESIGN: Epidemiological peer-reviewed studies published in English or Spanish assessing associations between maternal stress during pregnancy and psychiatric and medical diseases were selected. PARTICIPANTS: We retrieved 73,024 citations; 42 studies meeting inclusion criteria were assessed. Overall sample included 65,814,076 women. FINDINGS: Overall odds ratio for the development of a medical disease was OR=1.24 (CI95=1.11, 1.39), Z=3.85, p<.01. Overall odds ratio for psychiatric disorders was OR=1.28 (CI95=1.06, 1.56), Z=2.54, p<.02. Multivariate meta-analysis showed a significant coefficient for autism spectrum disorder studies, B=0.42, SE=0.16, Z=2.67, p<.01. We found a significant overall effect size for autism spectrum disorder (OR=1.45 [CI95=1.24, 1.70], Z=4.69, p<.01). In terms of medical diseases, studies including obesity and infantile colic presented a significant overall effect size, as OR=1.20 (CI95=1.03, 1.39), Z=2.41, p<.02. The highest effect size was found regarding the first trimester (B=1.62, SE=0.16, Z=9.90, p<.01). KEY CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that exposure to high levels of stress during pregnancy are associated with autism spectrum disorder, obesity, and infantile colic in offspring. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Maternal stress during pregnancy should be addressed to tackle its potential impact in health across the life span.

The COVID-19 Pandemic Can Impact Perinatal Mental Health and the Health of the Offspring.

The COVID-19 ongoing pandemic constitutes a major challenge for countries throughout the world due to the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and devastating consequences in health. No one is free from COVID-19 impact. In this regard, pregnant women are not the exception. The COVID-19 outbreak represents a massive source of stressful agents for women and their babies during the perinatal period. The COVID-19 pandemic has been suggested to potentially have short- and long-term detrimental effects on pregnant women and the baby. These adverse consequences range from mental to medical diseases. During the last centuries, several dreadful and fatal incidents have put pregnant women and their babies at higher risk of mortality and health deterioration. For example, it has been informed that women exposed to the 1918 flu pandemic (commonly known as the Spanish flu) while pregnant showed higher rates of premature delivery in the short term. Long-term consequences have also been reported and individuals (both males and females) who were exposed to the 1918 flu pandemic while in utero had a higher risk of developing schizophrenia, diabetes, coronary heart disease or cancer throughout their lifespan.

Tailored exercise as a protective tool in cardio-oncology rehabilitation: a narrative review / Ejercicio individualizado como herramienta protectora en la rehabilitación cardio-oncológica: revisión narrativa

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of long-term morbidity and death among cancer survivors, after second malignancies. Preventing cancer treatment-induced cardiotoxicity (CTC) constitutes a crucial endpoint in oncology, from oncology treatment implementation. The American Association of Clinical Oncology has recently highlighted the role of physical exercise as an essential component of co-adjuvant cancer treatment and cancer survivor care programs. Exercise training may protect from cardiotoxicity on a molecular and physiological basis. Two major types of training in this field are: cardiovascular and resistance/strength training. Little is known about the effects of these modalities of exercise on CTC. This narrative review aimed to gather evidence and extract conclusions about the effectiveness of exercise training on CTC. To do so, we reviewed scientific literature under a sophisticated approach in line with the PRISMA project guidelines. Studies on physical training exercise effects and cardiac-related measures throughout the cancer stages (cancer treatment and survivorship) were selected. Data collection comprised extracting information of study features, exercise training characteristics and related effects. As a result, 1087 studies were retrieved from database search and 33 studies were selected, comprising 2778 participants. Most of the studies (n = 29) examined the effects of cardiovascular training on CTC. No studies analysed the effects of resistance-based training. We observed a lack of systematic effect of exercise across studies due to the high heterogeneity (e.g., many studies did not follow the guidelines for training interventions in cancer settings). However, studies combining both cardiovascular and resistance components showed promising results. To sum up, higher adherence to clinical guides should be encouraged to implement physical exercise interventions in medical settings and to ensure intervention effectiveness. Moreover, personalized protocols and routines should be implemented in Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation Units. Finally, it is mandatory to avoid physical inactivity in patients with cancer

La patología cardiovascular es la primera causa de morbilidad y muerte entre los pacientes supervivientes de cáncer, después de segundas neoplasias. La prevención de cardiotoxicidades inducidas por tratamientos oncológicos constituye una meta en la Oncología. La Asociación Americana de la Oncología Clínica recientemente ha destacado la importancia del ejercicio físico como componente coadyuvante esencial en el tratamiento contra el cáncer. El ejercicio físico puede dar protección en la cardiotoxicidad desde un punto de vista molecular y fisiológico. Dos tipos de entrenamiento destacan: entrenamiento cardiovascular y de fuerza. Esta revisión pretende recoger evidencia y extraer conclusiones sobre la efectividad del ejercicio físico ante la cardiotoxicidad. Para ello revisamos la literatura científica bajo criterios PRISMA. Estudios basados en el efecto del ejercicio físico y mediciones cardiacas a lo largo de procesos oncológicos (tratamiento oncológicos y supervivientes) fueron seleccionados. Como resultado, 1087 estudios fueron recuperados y 33 estudios fueron seleccionados, comprendiendo 2778 sujetos. La mayoría de los estudios (n=29) examinaron el efecto del entrenamiento cardiovascular en la cardiotoxicidad. No hubo estudios que analizaran exclusivamente el entrenamiento de Fuerza. Observamos una escasez de efecto sistémico a lo largo debido a la alta heterogeneidad. De cualquier modo, los estudios combinando entrenamiento cardiovascular y de fuerza parecen demostrar resultados prometedores. En resumen, las guías clínicas deberían animar a implementar programas de ejercicio físico en el entorno médico y garantizar intervenciones efectivas. Asimismo, deberían implementarse protocolos individualizados en unidades de Rehabilitación Cardio-Oncológica. Finalmente, resulta imperativo promover el mensaje de evitar la inactividad física en el paciente oncológico

Assessing adolescents' internalizing symptoms using virtual social networks: A format equivalence study of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale / Evaluación de la sintomatología interiorizada en adolescentes mediante redes sociales: un estudio de equivalencia de formatos de la "Escala revisada de ansiedad y depresión infantil"

The widespread use of virtual social networks (VSN) by adolescents makes it possible to conduct psychological assessments or health promotion using these platforms. However, psychometric properties of them should be validated. This study aimed to test the feasibility of administering the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) over a secure social network, while preserving its original psychometric properties. To do so, a sample of 703 adolescents (M= 13.86 years, SD= 0.49) completed the questionnaire either over a social network or using paper and pencil. We tested a two-way format equivalence: quantitative equivalence (comparing score distributions across versions); and qualitative or conceptual equivalence (comparing the between-factor correlations between versions and measurement invariance). As a result, no difference was found between the score distributions of the two versions and between-factor intercorrelations with similar patterns in both versions. Finally, both methods for administering the RCADS showed an adequate fit with their theoretical latent structure, thus preserving format equivalence. To sum up, VSN may, therefore, constitute appropriate contexts for conducting psychological assessment and research among adolescents

El uso de las redes sociales por parte de adolescentes está bastante extendido actualmente. Esto posibilita el desarrollo de programas de evaluación y promoción de la salud mediante dichas vías, si se conservan garantías psicométricas en su uso. Este estudio pretendía comprobar si la "Escala revisada de ansiedad y depresión infantil" (RCADS) mantenía sus propiedades psicométricas originales cuando era aplicado mediante una red social. Una muestra de 703 adolescentes (M= 13,86 años; DT= 0,49) completaron la escala en formato tradicional o en una red social. Se evaluaron dos tipos de equivalencia entre formatos: equivalencia cuantitativa (distribución de las puntuaciones entre formatos) y cualitativa o conceptual (patrones de intercorrelaciones e invarianza de medida entre formatos). No se encontraron diferencias de las escalas en el formato tradicional y en una red social. Además, el patrón de intercorrelaciones entre factores fue similar y se observó invarianza de medida entre formatos. En conclusión, la versión en red social de la RCADS mostró propiedades psicométricas equivalentes a la tradicional, destacándose la aplicabilidad en estas plataformas

Polydrug use trajectories and differences in impulsivity among adolescents / Trayectorias de policonsumo y diferencias en impulsividad entre adolescentes

Background/Objective: Although alcohol, tobacco and cannabis are the most widely consumed drugs, sparse data exist regarding polydrug use in adolescents and its relationship with impulsivity. This study aims to identify trajectories of polydrug use and analyze differences in impulsivity between them. Method: A total of 1,565 adolescents (54.4% males; mean age = 13.02, SD = 0.57) were annually assessed over three years using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Zuckerman Impulsive Sensation Seeking Scale, a Stroop Test and a Delay Discounting Task. Frequency of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use, intoxication episodes and problem drinking were also assessed. Polydrug trajectories were identified using latent class mixed modelling. To examine differences in self-reported and behavioral impulsivity two mixed multivariate analyses of covariance were used. Results: Three trajectories of substance use were found. The ‘Experimental use' and the 'Early use' trajectories presented the lowest and highest impulsivity, respectively. Substance use increases in the ‘Telescoped used’ trajectory were associated with parallel increases in impulsivity. Conclusions: individuals with divergent patterns of substance use during adolescence differ in their impulsiveness, primarily in general impulsivity and sensation seeking. Present findings suggest the relevance of these facets as possible targets for interventions preventing the onset and escalation of substance use

Antecedentes/Objetivo: A pesar de que el alcohol, tabaco y cánnabis son las drogas más utilizadas, existen pocos estudios sobre policonsumo y su relación con la impulsividad en adolescentes. Los objetivos de este estudio son identificar trayectorias de policonsumo y analizar diferencias en impulsividad. Método: Se evaluaron anualmente 1.565 adolescentes (54,4% hombres; edad media = 13,02, DT = 0,57) durante tres años usando la Escala de Impulsividad de Barratt, la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones de Zuckerman y las Tareas de Stroop y Descuento por Demora. Se evaluó el uso de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis, uso problemático de alcohol y borracheras. Se usaron modelos mixtos de clases latentes y análisis mixtos multivariados de covarianza. Resultados: Se encontraron tres trayectorias de policonsumo. Las trayectorias de "Uso experimental" y "Uso temprano" presentaron los menores y mayores niveles de impulsividad, respectivamente. Los incrementos en el consumo de la trayectoria de "Escalamiento" se asociaron con incrementos paralelos en la impulsividad. Conclusiones: Las personas con distintos patrones de consumo de sustancias durante la adolescencia difieren en sus niveles de impulsividad, principalmente en impulsividad general y búsqueda de sensaciones. Los resultados sugieren la relevancia de estas facetas como dianas para prevenir el inicio y escalamiento del consumo

Trajectories of anxiety symptoms in adolescents: Testing the model of emotional inertia / Trayectoria de la sintomatología ansiosa en adolescentes: poniendo a prueba el modelo de la inercia emocional

Two predictions derived from a recently introduced model of psychotherapy outcome were tested, assuming the dynamical relationship between the individual's emotional trajectory and the force of intervention necessary to change this trajectory: (a) only a high intensity treatment would succeed to lower the increasing trajectory of anxiety, and (b) high as well as low intensity treatments would equivalently lower the non-increasing trajectory of anxiety. Methods: Seventy-four adolescents (58.40% girls; M=14.65 years, SD=0.53) were randomly assigned to a high intensity treatment condition, a low intensity treatment condition, or a waiting list condition. Results: Only the high intensity treatment reduced the anxiety when participants showed an increasing trajectory (p<.01). None of the treatments reduced anxiety when a previously non-increasing trajectory was shown. Conclusions: These findings support the theoretical predictions and underscore the need to consider not only how severe the anxiety is but also the time course of anxiety in applied treatment settings (AU)

Este informe breve tiene por objetivo poner a prueba dos predicciones derivadas de un reciente modelo sobre los resultados en psicoterapia: (a) solo un tratamiento de alta intensidad sería capaz de cambiar de dirección una trayectoria ascendente de ansiedad, y (b) tanto un tratamiento de alta como de baja intensidad podrían influir en una trayectoria no-ascendente de ansiedad. Método: Setenta y cuatro adolescentes (58,40% chicas; M=14,65 años, DT=0,53) fueron asignados aleatoriamente a una de estas condiciones: tratamiento de alta intensidad, tratamiento de baja intensidad o lista de espera. Resultados: Solo la aplicación del tratamiento de alta intensidad permitió reducir los niveles de ansiedad en los adolescentes con trayectoria creciente de dicha sintomatología (p<0,01). Además, ambos tratamientos redujeron de forma equivalente la sintomatología en individuos con trayectoria no ascendente de ansiedad. Conclusiones: Estos resultados apoyan las predicciones teóricas propuestas y subrayan la necesidad de considerar no solamente la magnitud de la sintomatología ansiosa sino también su curso temporal, en contextos clínicos (AU)

Heartbeat scaling in early adolescents: Its association with anxiety symptoms and sensitivity to punishment / Fractalidad cardiaca en adolescentes tempranos: sus asociaciones con la sintomatología ansiosa y la sensibilidad al castigo

Background/Objective: Anxiety symptoms in adolescence have been found to be associated with heart rate variability (HRV) linear features, but more basic properties of the cardiac system remain unexplored. This study focused on the fractal nature of 90 minute-long interbeat fluctuations from 24 adolescents with high anxiety and 26 with low anxiety to (a) evaluate if allometric scaling exponents and linear HRV measures allow for distinction between groups, and (b) assess the associations between these measures and sensitivity to punishment (SP), a temperamental characteristic strongly correlated with anxiety. Method: Cardiac functioning was recorded and allometric exponents and vagally mediated HRV as indexed by the high frequency (HF) band power were calculated. Results: While the exponents from the high anxiety group were significantly higher than those from low anxiety participants (p<.05), just marginal differences were found for the HF measure (p=.057). Furthermore, exponents were positively correlated with SP scores and several anxiety scale scores, but no more correlations were found. Conclusions: These results show that beyond parasympathetic functioning, basic properties of the cardiac system may be altered in young, anxious adolescents. These properties, therefore, can provide useful information for assessing adolescents at risk of anxiety disorders (AU)

Introducción/Objetivo: Se ha asociado la existencia de sintomatología ansiosa con algunas propiedades lineales de la variabilidad cardiaca (VC), sin prestar demasiada atención a propiedades más esenciales del sistema cardiaco, como su naturaleza fractal. En este trabajo se pretendía evaluar si medidas de fractalidad (exponentes alométricos) y medidas de VC (potencia en la banda de altas frecuencias, AF) permitían distinguir entre 24 adolescentes con alta sintomatología ansiosa y 26 adolescentes con baja. Además, se perseguía explorar las asociaciones de estas medidas con sensibilidad al castigo (SC), un factor de riesgo para ansiedad. Método: Se tomó la actividad cardiaca de los adolescentes en contexto ecológico y se calcularon dichas medidas sobre registros de 90 minutos. Resultados: Se encontraron exponentes alométricos significativamente mayores para los adolescentes con alta ansiedad (p<0,05), sin observarse diferencias significativas en potencia de AF (p=0,057). Además, sólo se encontraron correlaciones positivas significativas entre los exponentes alométricos con SC, y dichos exponentes con varias escalas de ansiedad. Conclusiones: Estos resultados muestran que propiedades más básicas del sistema cardiaco parecen estar alteradas en adolescentes ansiosos más allá de la mera influencia parasimpática. Estas propiedades pueden aportar información relevante para la detección y prevención de trastornos de ansiedad (AU)

Psychological treatments to improve quality of life in cancer contexts: A meta-analysis / Tratamientos psicológicos para mejorar la calidad de vida en contextos oncológicos: un meta-análisis

This study aimed to analyze the effects of psychological treatments on quality of life among cancer patients and survivors. Additionally, it was explored the moderating influence of some medical- and treatment-related features on these effects. Scientific studies published between 1970 and 2012 were analyzed. Seventy-eight studies were included in a meta-analysis. Concerns related to samples, interventions, and standard of methodological evidence were explored across the studies. A significant overall effect size of psychological interventions was revealed (g = .35). Clinical state and use of adjuvant psychological treatment for managing medical side effects moderated this result (p < .05). Furthermore, a meta-regression model was showed significant (R2 = .30) so as to explain the quality of life change associated with psychological interventions. The psychotherapeutic benefits on depressive symptomatology were included as a moderating factor. To sum up, quality of life is improved by psychological interventions, especially when patients have to cope with medical treatment or with adjustment after the disease is treated. Psychological treatments tend to promote better outcomes when depressive symptomatology is managed. These findings support that providing psychological treatments should be considered as crucial for the patient's health in cancer contexts (AU)

Este estudio pretende conocer el efecto de los tratamientos psicológicos sobre la calidad de vida de pacientes y supervivientes de cáncer, así como la influencia moderadora de variables médicas y propias del tratamiento sobre dicho efecto. Para ello, se realizó un meta-análisis que incluyó 78 trabajos publicados entre 1970 y 2012. Se analizaron aspectos relacionados con la muestra, el tratamiento y la calidad metodológica de estos estudios. Como resultado, se encontró un tamaño del efecto significativo de los tratamientos psicológicos sobre la calidad de vida (g = 0,35). Dicho efecto estaba moderado por el estado clínico del paciente y la adyuvancia del tratamiento psicológico con el médico (p < 0,05). También se observó que mayores reducciones de sintomatología depresiva debidas al tratamiento llevaban a mayores beneficios sobre la calidad de vida según las meta-regresiones ejecutadas (R2 = 0,30). En conclusión, los tratamientos psicológicos pueden mejorar la calidad de vida de pacientes oncológicos, principalmente cuando deben afrontar tratamientos médicos, así como de los supervivientes. Además, cuando se reduce la sintomatología depresiva la calidad de vida suele mejorar. Estos resultados destacan la influencia decisiva de los tratamientos psicológicos para la salud integral en contextos oncológicos (AU)

Factores moduladores de la respuesta agresiva tras la exposición a videojuegos violentos / Modulating factors of the aggressive response after the exposure to violent video games

En ciertas situaciones se ha asociado la influencia de los videojuegos violentos con las conductas agresivas y/o delictivas. El presente estudio pretende destacar un efecto de la exposición a un videojuego violento de coches sobre la elicitación a corto plazo, en las respuestas de agresión e ira tras la exposición. Para ello, 47 adolescentes fueron expuestos al videojuego violento y a uno no violento durante 30 minutos. Se midieron ansiedad e ira autoinformadas pre-postest, así como la ejecución en una tarea indirecta de agresión. Se halló un efecto principal de la edad y de interacción de ésta con el tipo de videojuego y el sexo. Asimismo, se halló un efecto pre-postest en ira estado tras la exposición al videojuego violento. Por otro lado, se encontró un modelo predictor para la ejecución de la respuesta agresiva tras la presentación del videojuego violento con la edad e ira preexposición como factores. En conclusión, se destaca un efecto de priming de la ira a corto plazo y la edad tras la exposición al videojuego violento, en la respuesta agresiva. La presencia de moduladores de los efectos de contenidos violentos puede esclarecer su naturaleza y ayudar a predecir conductas delictivas (AU)

The influence of violent video games has been associated with aggressive and/or criminal behaviours in several situations. The present research pretends to emphasize an effect of the exposure to a violent car video game on the activation of aggressive response and post-exposure anger levels. For this, a sample of 47 adolescent people was selected and exposed to a violent video game and a non violent one during 30 minutes. Self-reported anxiety and anger levels were measured before and after the video game exposures, moreover the performance in an indirect task of aggression. A main effect of the age and interaction of this with sex, and the kind of video game were found in the aggressive task. Likewise, a pre-postest effect on state anger levels was observed. On the other hand, a predictor model of the aggressive response elicitation was found with the age and preexposure anger as factors. In conclusion, it is outstanding the short term priming effect of violent video games on the aggressive behaviour after violent video game exposure. The existence of modulating factors on the effects of violent contents could clarify their features and help to predict criminal behaviours (AU)

Calidad subjetiva de sueño en pacientes con Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria / Subjective quality of sleep in eating disorders patients

El presente estudio se centra en analizar la calidad de sueño de pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA). Para ello se compararon las puntuaciones de 13 pacientes con dichos diagnósticos y 15 controles en el Inventario de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburg (PSQI), la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth (ESS), la Escala de Creencias y Actitudes Disfuncionales sobre el Sueño (DBAS-18) y un diario de sueño. Se encontraron diferencias significativas con respecto a calidad subjetiva de sueño, consumo de medicación hipnótica y problemas durante el sueño, en los niveles de somnolencia diurna en la ESS y con respecto a creencias disfuncionales sobre el sueño. En conclusión, los pacientes con TCA manifiestan peor calidad de sueño y más problemas de sueño que los controles sanos. Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto la conveniencia de atender a los problemas de sueño en los programas terapéuticos con este tipo de pacientes (AU)

The present research focuses on the analysis of the quality of sleep in eating disorder patients (EDs). For this purpose, scores of 13 EDs patients and 15 controls on the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), the Epworth Somnolence Scale (ESS), the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale (DBAS-18) and a sleep diary were compared. Significant differences were found with regard to subjective quality of sleep, hypnotic medication use, and sleep problems in the PSQI; in addition significant differences were shown on daytime sleepiness levels in the ESS, and in relation to several dysfunctional beliefs about the sleep. In conclusion, EDs patients show less quality of sleep and more sleep problems than controls. These results show the need to be aware into to sleep problems in ED therapeutic interventions (AU)